Norton Theorem Formula

What is Norton's Theorem? Norton's Theorem states that it is possible to simplify any linear circuit, no matter how complex, to an equivalent circuit with just a single current source and parallel resistance connected to a load.

What is Thevenin Theorem formula?

Any combination of batteries and resistances with two terminals can be replaced by a single voltage source e and a single series resistor r. The value of e is the open circuit voltage at the terminals, and the value of r is e divided by the current with the terminals short circuited.

How do you calculate Norton current in a circuit?

And to calculate the current flowing through rl is going to be the norton. Current times rn over rn

How do you prove Norton's Theorem?

Short the load terminals and find the short circuited current(Isc). Next, compute the resistance (Rint) of the network as seen from the load terminals, Replace the 220 V source by a short by closing s1 to "bb". Apply V=110 V at the output terminals by closing s2 to "dd".

Why do we use Norton's Theorem?

The Norton equivalent circuit is used to represent any network of linear sources and impedances at a given frequency. Norton's theorem and its dual, Thévenin's theorem, are widely used for circuit analysis simplification and to study circuit's initial-condition and steady-state response.

What is the difference between Thevenin and Norton Theorem?

Thevenin's Theorem utilises a voltage source, while Norton's Theorem uses a current source. Norton's Theorem employs a resistor set in parallel over the source, whereas Thevenin's Theorem utilises a resistor in series. From Thevenin's Theorem, Norton's Theorem can be easily derived.

How do I convert Thevenin to Norton?

Thevenin voltage is equal to Norton's current times Norton resistance. Norton current is equal to Thevenin voltage divided by Thevenin resistance.

How is Norton resistance calculated?

To calculate the Norton equivalent resistance, we need to remove all active sources of the network. But the condition is; all sources must be independent sources. If the network consists of dependent source/s, you need to use other methods to find Norton equivalent resistance.

How do you calculate Vth in Thevenin?

Use Thevenin's Theorem to find the iload and vload for the circuit below! ... Step 3 – Load Current

1. Find the Thevenin Resistance by removing all voltage sources and load.
2. Find the Thevenin Voltage by reconnecting the voltage sources.
3. Use the Thevenin Resistance and Voltage to find the total current flowing through the load.

What is Norton's current?

The Norton equivalent circuit represents a general circuit with an independent current source in parallel with the Norton equivalent Resistance. Norton current source ( ) is equivalent to the short-circuit current at the terminal a and b. Norton resistance is th e same as the Thévenin resistance.

What is the Norton equivalent resistance of the circuit?

The equivalent resistance Rno is the resistance "seen" between the two terminals being considered in the original network when all voltage sources of the original circuit are replaced by a short circuit (wire) and all current sources are replaced by an open circuit (break).

What are the limitations of Norton's Theorem?

Limitations of Norton's Theorem It's not for such modules which are not linear like diodes, the transistor. It also not operate for such circuitries which has magnetic locking. It also not work for such circuitries which has loaded in parallel with dependent supplies.

Why is Norton's theorem not applicable for transistors?

Explanation: We can use Norton's theorem only for linear networks. BJT is a non-linear network hence we cannot apply Norton's theorem for it.

What is maximum power transfer formula?

Maximum Power Transfer Formula As shown in the figure, a dc source network is connected with variable resistance RL. The fundamental Maximum Power Transfer Formula is. P m a x = V T h 2 4 R T h.

Who made Norton's Theorem?

This chapter examines Norton's theorem, also known as Mayer's theorem, developed at the same time, in 1926, by Hans Ferdinand Mayer, researcher of Siemens & Halske in Germany, and by Edward Lawry Norton, engineer and researcher of the legendary Bell Labs in the United States.

What is mean by RTH and VTH?

The Thevenin voltage VTH is defined as the open-circuit voltage between nodes a and b. RTH is the total resistance appearing between a and b when all sources are deactivated.

Why Norton is dual of Thevenin?

Answer: The Norton's theorem establishes, dually, that any linear circuit seen from one port may be represented by a current source (with a value equal to the short-circuit current) in parallel with an impedance (with the same value as in the Thévenin's theorem). To this circuit we call the Norton configuration.

How do you convert to Thevenin?

Current i n. Times the norton resistance RN. And so using these two rules. We can actually very

How do I fix Norton theorem problems?

Steps to Analyze an Electric Circuit using Norton's Theorem

1. Short the load resistor.
2. Calculate / measure the Short Circuit Current.
3. Open Current Sources, Short Voltage Sources and Open Load Resistor.
4. Calculate /measure the Open Circuit Resistance.

What is Thevenin and Norton circuits?

Norton's Thereom is identical to Thevenin's Theorem except that the equivalent circuit is an independent current source in parallel with an impedance (resistor). Therefore, the Norton equivalent circuit is a source transformation of the Thevenin equivalent circuit.